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Chapter 64 Delimitation Commission Of India

Delimitation refers to the process of determining the boundaries of electoral constituencies in a country or state. This is an important exercise in any democratic setup because it ensures that every citizen's vote has equal weight by keeping the population balanced within each constituency. If one constituency has significantly more voters than another, it could lead to unequal representation in the legislature, which is not ideal for a fair democratic process....
Chapter 36 Consumer Commissions

The Consumer Protection Act of 2019 is an important law in India that has replaced the old Consumer Protection Act of 1986. One of the main goals of this new law is to create a better system to help consumers who have disputes with sellers or service providers. Just like the previous law, the new act sets up a three-tier system to resolve these disputes at different levels: District, State, and National....
Chapter 24 Parliamentary Committees In India

The Parliament of India is a large and complex organization. It is responsible for discussing and making decisions on many important issues. However, because of its size and the range of topics it needs to cover, Parliament often finds it challenging to discuss everything in detail. This difficulty arises from the fact that there is not enough time during the sessions, and many members may not have the specialized knowledge needed to evaluate every legislative matter thoroughly....
Chapter 59 Lokpal And Lokayuktas In India

In modern democracies, the government's role has expanded significantly to foster the well-being of its citizens. This shift towards a welfare-oriented government has led to the growth of bureaucracy and more administrative processes. As a result, civil servants have gained considerable authority and discretion at various levels of the government. While this power is meant to facilitate governance, it can also lead to issues like harassment, corruption, and maladministration. When civil servants misuse their power, it creates grievances among citizens, which can undermine democracy and hinder socio-economic development. ...
Chapter 53 State Human Rights Commission In India

The Protection of Human Rights Act, which was established in 1993, led to the creation of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) and also allowed for the formation of State Human Rights Commissions (SHRCs) within individual states. This means that each state in India can have its own commission dedicated to protecting human rights. ...
Chapter 3 Concept of the Constitution

The word "constitution" comes from the Latin word <em>constituere</em>, which means "to establish" or "to set up." In today's context, a constitution refers to a collection of guiding principles that outline how a government is organized, how it operates, and the relationship it has with the people it serves. This relationship includes the rights and responsibilities of both the government and the citizens....
Chapter 63 Law Commission Of India

The Law Commission of India is an important advisory group that operates without any official statute, meaning it was not created by a law passed in Parliament. Instead, it is set up by the Central Government whenever needed, and it usually has a specific period during which it functions effectively. ...
Chapter 41 Scheduled And Tribal Area

Article 244 of the Indian Constitution is part of a section called Part X, which focuses on special administrative systems for certain regions in India. These regions are known as "scheduled areas" and "tribal areas." The Constitution recognizes that these areas and the people living in them have unique needs and challenges, which require a different approach to governance....
Chapter 51 NITI Aayog

On August 13, 2014, the government led by Prime Minister Modi made an important decision to dissolve the Planning Commission, which had been in place for 65 years. This decision was aimed at modernizing the way India develops its policies and plans. As a result, NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) was established on January 1, 2015. It replaced the Planning Commission and serves as a central body for planning and policy formulation....
Chapter 73 Election Laws in India

The Representation of the People Act, 1950, is an important law in India that outlines how elections are organized and how seats are allocated in the Parliament and State Legislatures. This Act is directly related to Articles 81, 170, and 171 of the Indian Constitution. These Articles explain the total number of seats that can be in the Lok Sabha (House of the People), State Legislative Assemblies, and State Legislative Councils. However, these Articles do not set the exact number of seats; instead, they leave it to laws like the Representation of the People Act to determine the details....